ODBC, and OLEDB are application programming interfaces designed by Microsoft. They have become universal APIs for accesses data in most major databases.
ODBC was created 1992. The goal of ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) was to make a layer of abstraction that would free an application from programming language, database system, and operating systems constraints. All 4 of the major database systems in the world support ODBC.
Its successor is OLEDB ( Object Linking and Embedding Database) is said to be faster and support more features. Again there is drivers for all 4 major DBMS. The benefits of abstraction layers are to add flexibility, but these layers can also degrade performance.
If you are developing an application using VS.net and the intended database is SQL server you should be using SQL server.net (system.data.sqlclient namespace). This data provider is SQL server specific, but is the fastest way to access data from sql server.
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